Cette rubrique donne un aperçu des publications récentes des chercheurs du LESC. Des listes plus exhaustives peuvent êtres trouvées sur les pages individuelles des membres.

 

“Originally, Riberalta Was Called Xëbiya and It Was Ruled by Mawa Maxokiri…” Urban Imaginaries and Urban Migration Among the Chacobo (Beni, Bolivia)

in F. Santos-Granero et E. Fabiano (éd.), Urban Imaginaries in Native Amazonia Tales of Alterity, Power, and Defiance

This chapter is about Chacobo people's experience of urban settings. The introduction sets out the facts regarding increased mobility and interconnectedness between town and village following the rapid expansion of the Bolivian road network, and then moves on to discuss three aspects of Chacobo urban experiences. First, comes a long historical section about Chacobo people and urban settings throughout the centuries, which shows that Chacobo people have enduring and deep relations to urban centers, and therefore that the current context of urbanization is not particularly new or unfamiliar to them. The second section describes some of the harsh realities presented by urban life, including the difficulties of finding lodging, employment (beyond the sector of labor in indigenous representation), and sustenance. Chacobo people endure these conditions not because they enjoy the experience of urban life, but because they hope these visits will lead to well-being in the future. It offers a careful and detailed ethnographic examination of the gritty, day-to-day experience of life in Amazonian urban centers. The last section describes how Chacobo people consider the region's towns to be built on their land, and thus that "even though dispossessed, the Chacobo are clearly entitled to feel “at home” anywhere in the region." The concluding section describes how Chacobo people are bringing the aesthetics and amenities of urban centers into their villages as a way of "urbanizing the forest.

Inter-species Interaction Rituals in Yak Herding Practices in Nepal

In J. Chamel et Y. Dansac (éd.), Relating with More-than-Humans: Interbeing Rituality in a liwing World

In the Nepalese Himalaya, yak herding systems depend on cooperative interactions involving the shepherd with his animals. For the milking of the yaks, grazing and returning to the settlement, the shepherds are using inter-individual techniques aiming to build trust-based relationships over time. The construction of these relationships is negotiated on a daily basis between the two of them. Indeed, each of these relationships is lost if it is not nurtured. Strongly based on ethological results and studies on domestication mechanisms, this chapter will question the importance of setting up daily rituals and rhythms—as Erving Goffman (1974) has defined them for the human daily life—as a condition for extensive pastoral sustainability. At the same time, we will see how the shepherds organize their working life and their relationship with the yaks and their surrounding environment around strong moral values and a symbolic organization of the realm of life.

Management of social behaviour of domestic yaks in Manang, Nepal: An Etho-Ethnographic Study

The domestic yak, a type of cattle native to the Himalayan region and Siberia, is known for its ability to withstand harsh climatic conditions at high altitudes and is primarily domesticated for its milk, wool, and meat. Most of the research on yaks has been conducted in China, where approximately 94% of the total estimated yak population can be found. In this study, the authors conducted an ethology study on the social behaviour of yaks in the Annapurna Valley of Nepal, where they are raised for their milk, wool, and meat and are also used for transportation. The authors used ethnographic inquiries to gather data on the social behaviour of yaks and the coping strategies used by herders to manage them. They also equipped cattle with one Actigraph wgt3x-BT to measure activity using an accelerometer and spatial associations using a proximity recorder. They found that yaks in both herds exhibited cohesive and synchronized behaviour, with similar activity patterns during the day and a peak of activity at night. They also observed that yaks in the first herd were more reactive to the presence of humans, while those in the second herd were more reactive to the presence of other yaks. The authors suggest that these differences in behaviour may be due to the different herding management practices used in each herd.

The Peasant and the Soil in Southwestern French Biodynamic Agriculture: A Ritualistic Creative Relationship Entangled in a Holistic Commitment.

In J. Chamel et Y. Dansac (éd.), Relating with More-than-Humans: Interbeign Rituality in a Living World

Relationships between humans and non-human entities are at the heart of Biodynamic Agriculture, founded by Rudolf Steiner and inspired by the esoteric current he created, Anthroposophy. Biodynamic Agriculture’s spiritual origins have practical consequences. It is not about improving the productivity of the farm but is rather an agriculture of care, aiming to reach a symbiotic welfare for the individual and his environment through a process of ritualization of practices. This chapter, based on the ethnography of a peasant network involved in Biodynamic Agriculture living in Southwestern France (Occitanie), shows how ritual anthropology in its relational approach framed by Michael Houseman and Carlo Severi can give a special enlightenment to this peasant practice that is intertwined between agriculture and spirituality. Analysing the analogical way of thinking in order to understand the ontological recomposition that Biodynamic Agriculture proposes, this practice can be seen as an everyday life rituality through an anthropology of gestures. Biodynamicists develop gestures as techniques to understand and relate to the “Living”, as much for self-development.

  • Accueil
Sauvegarder
Choix utilisateur pour les Cookies
Nous utilisons des cookies afin de vous proposer les meilleurs services possibles. Si vous déclinez l'utilisation de ces cookies, le site web pourrait ne pas fonctionner correctement.
Tout accepter
Tout décliner
Flexicontent
Flexicontent
Accepter
Décliner