Tanguy Virin

 
Tanguy Virin
Doctorant
Tanguy Virin
L'être seul au Japon: conception psychiatrique et prise en charge associative des jeunes enfermés volontaires
Sophie Houdart
...

Domaines de recherche

Japon
Kansai
Hikikomori, société japonaise, santé mentale, association/ONG, espace public

Parcours universitaire et professionnel

[English version below]
Dans le cadre de sa thèse, Tanguy Virin s'intéresse à la notion – issue de la psychiatrie – d’hikikomori dans ses usages au Japon pour traduire des fractures biographiques et recréer des liens sociaux. Ses recherches de terrain auprès d'une association visant à l’accueil et à l’accompagnement des personnes Hikikomori et de leurs proches le conduisent notamment à s'intéresser à la politisation de ce terme comme critique à la fois de la société néolibérale japonaise et de l'institution psychiatrique. Croisant d’autres luttes contemporaines animant la société japonaise, le terrain mené par Tanguy Virin donne à apercevoir des pratiques militantes locales, souvent marginales, tentant de (re)façonner un rapport politique à l’espace public japonais.

Tanguy Virin is conducting research on the psychiatric notion of hikikomori as part of his thesis. He is particularly interested in the different uses of the notion to translate biographical breaks and recreate social connections. His fieldwork with an NPO welcoming and providing support to hikikomori individuals and their families leads him to study how the notion of hikikomori is politicized as a tool to criticize neoliberal Japanese society as well as the psychiatric institution. Intertwined with other Japanese contemporary struggles, Tanguy Virin’s research presents some local militant activities, somewhat marginal, trying to (re)build a political conception of the Japanese public space.

2024-2025 : TD Histoire de l'anthropologie L1, charge de 48h au département d'anthropologie de l'université Paris Nanterre

2023-2024 : TD Nature et Culture L1, charge de 48h au départemenent d'anthropologie de l'université Paris Nanterre

Virin, T., 2025, S’unir dans la solitude. Récits de violences et reconstruction de soi collective dans un groupe numérique pour personnes « Hikikomori », Ethnologie française, 55 (2) [Ethnographier les solitudes] : 159-173, en ligne : https://hal.science/hal-05318191.
This article discusses how the Japanese word hikikomori has been reinterpreted by a French digital association to translate a feeling of loneliness. Beyond this, this notion serves as a critical tool to denounce society’s broader failure to support victims of abuse, particularly childhood and sexual violence. Through this word, the members of the association give voice to the multiple alienating forms of violence they have endured — experiences that led them to seek refuge in what they see as a necessary and restorative form of solitude. By coming together in a digital space, these individuals are trying to establish new modes of interaction, free from oppression.
Virin, T., 2025, « Retrait social ou abandon social ? Création d’espaces de rencontre pour les personnes Hikikomori et marginalisées au Japon », journée doctorale, Paris, Conservatoire national des Arts et Métiers, France, en ligne : https://hal.science/hal-05319735.
Virin, T., 2025, « Social Withdrawal or Social Abandonment? Attempts to Recreate a Social Network for Hikikomori and Other Marginalized People in Japan », SEAA-SNU Anthropology 2025: CONFERENCE SHAPING FUTURES: EAST ASIA AS PRACTICE, Séoul, South Korea, en ligne : https://hal.science/hal-05319723.
The "hikikomori phenomenon" has been impacting Japanese society for over thirty years, symbolizing withdrawal, isolation, and marginalization within modern societies. In response, numerous NPOs(Non Profit Organization), associations, and companies have emerged in Japan since the 1990s, working alongside government initiatives. My presentation focuses on ongoing ethnographic field-work in Osaka, where an NPO supports hikikomori individuals and their families. The NPO posits that the root of hikikomori lies in Japan’s neoliberal society, which places intense pressure on youth to succeed in an environment of constant competition, leading some to failure and self-ostracization. In response, the organization works to create spaces where hikikomori and other marginalized people can connect and fight against isolation. While hikikomori is often viewed as an individual form of social withdrawal, I argue that it should instead be understood as a collective form of social abandonment. In Japan, some individuals’ inability to engage with society is linked to long-standing socio-economic and political structures. Traditionally, responses to hikikomori have been psychiatric, focusing on individual and familial issues. However, the emergence of support organizations for hikikomori represents a response to the lack of broader social and political solutions. Through my fieldwork, I will examine how leftist political activism has intersected with the psychological notion of hikikomori to foster an alternative, more inclusive model of community.
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